Effects of Poor Diet and Obesity on Heart Essay Example for Free

Effects of Poor Diet and Obesity on stub stressA good sustenance consists of go through a full range of all the confused nutrients required for proper function of the soundbox and bodily systems. When fewone consumes the clear nutrients in the correct proportions, they be considered to fall in a Balanced Diet. However, when someone is non consuming the correct nutrients or not consuming the correct amount of nutrients they are said to have a poor diet or malnutrition. Malnutrition is a lot misconceived to be just the lack of nutrients in the body causing illness and Anorexia stock-still this is in feature incorrect as malnutrition commode also be defined as the excessive consuming of nutrients which extend more energy than the body uses. This is more or less commonly known as Obesity. In Britain and most first world countries, obesity is one of the most serious effects of malnutrition. It can be exceedingly dangerous callable to the build up of a certain fat known as fat Tissue under the skin and around major bodily organs. Someone can usually be defined as being obese if they have a BMI of over 30 (BMI can be calculated by dividing mass in Kg by height in Meters, squared). coronary thrombosis Heart Disease (CHD) is a common disorder of the fund vessels that supply the emotional state heft with oxygenated railway line. It is a major cause of death in developed with Reports in the UK suggesting that 3-4% of men aged between 35 and 74 die each year due to the effects of CHD. In the reports for women, the risk appears to be about half of this figure. Each year around 156000 people in England and Wales die from CHD. The heart is used as a pump to pump pipeline around the body this is done via the contracting of the hearts muscles. This process unavoidably a continuous supply of oxygen in order to function, however if this oxygen supply is running off or slowed down the muscle cannot contract and therefore the muscle allow soon di e. unity of the processes that can restrict the amount of oxygen getting to the heart is called atherosclerosis alternatively known as Hardening of the Arteries). This can lead to the coronary arteries to be blocked due to the build up of materials wrong the artery walls. This causes the amount of space available for the oxygen to pass through the artery to become heavily constricted.Atherosclerosis is a very slowly developing problem and people who contract it normally do not show any signs until they are at least 40 years of age. However in some people, the process can be caused to happen overmuch faster. This is normally due to things such as amply blood pressure, the presence of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) or even excessive amounts of harmful chemical substances in the blood cuased by things such as the excessive consumption of tobacco. Damage from the presence of these substances volition build up inside the coronary artery and exist as deposits known as an atheromato us plaque. Once this plaque has restricted the wideness of the lumen by 50% or more, work of oxygen into the heart muscle testament not meet required amounts and will cause a pain to be entangle during exercising known as angina.This pain is felt in the left shoulder, chest and arm, only if can still be felt in the neck and left side of the face for some people. Another danger from the presence of an atheromatous plaque in the coronary arteries is the danger of a blood clot being formed around the plaque. These blood clots are known as a Coronary thrombosis and are caused by fibrous protein Collagen coming into contact with the platelet which causes the platelet to secrete a chemical that react with the blood and cause a clot to form. These blood clots further slow down the flow of blood through the artery. This could cause the part of the heart receiving the oxygen from this artery to fail in receiving fair to middling blood and therefore shut down or stop the heart from b ea ting altogether. When this happens it is called a myocardial infarction.A myocardial infarction is a very serious condition in which the heart fails to beat. Around 90% of all cases of myocardial infarction are direct effects from the problems aroused by Coronal thrombosis. Myocardial infarctions are potentially fatal if a large amount of muscle is affected. cardiac arrests are a result of myocardial infarction due to the lack of beating from the heart. During a cardiac arrest, no pulse can be felt on the victim and also the victim will lose consciousness (faint). If the heart is not restarted before the muscle cells starts to die off, then the victim will also die.A reconstruction of the effect an Atheromatous Plaque can have upon the wideness of the lm inside a blood vessel (self made image)Cholesterol is an important substance in the social organisation of cell membranes and we must have a certain amount of it in our body or the liver will produce its own form of cholesterol to be transported and used by cells. However, evidence from tests correct by scientists suggests that having an excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of suffering from CHD. It is still unreadable whether or not ones levels of cholesterol in the blood stream can be controlled by ones diet although, data does show that eating large amounts of saturated fats can increase your chance of having a high cholesterol blood content. Excessive cholesterol can be dangerous as it is not dissoluble in water so therefore it cannot be transported using the blood plasma transportation system. sort of it must be transported around the body in something called lipoproteins which are tiny balls made up of various lipids, cholesterol and proteins. There are many varieties of lipoproteins which are normally categorised into 3 main sub-sections. These sub-sections are defined by the amount of protein they contain (also known as their density) and consist of elevated Density Lip oprotein (high-density lipoprotein) High protein content and low lipid content Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) High Lipid content and swallow Protein content Chylomicrons a very high lipid content and very low protein content HDLs are usually given the job of picking up cholesterol from around the body and transporting it to the liver.On the other hand, LDLs are usually given the job of transporting cholesterol from the sports fan to other parts of the body. LDLs play a part in the formation of an atheromatous plaque due to the tendency for them to deposit cholesterol into the damaged walls of arteries in contrast HDLs seem to actually help in preventing CHD. This is because they remove cholesterol from tissues including those of blood vessel walls. Therefore a person who has a high HDL LDL ratio in their body would be much better protected against CHD than someone who does not.The structure of a lipoprotein (this one could be a LDL due to its High Lipid content and lower Protein co ntent) (http//ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8DStructure_of_a_Lipoprotein.jpg)Blood pressure can be defined as the pressure that blood inside vessels applies onto the walls of the vessel in which it is being transported. If a person has an exceptionally high blood pressure, they are said to have hypertension. This increases ones risk to CHD by causing the walls of the arteries to thicken and fuddled much like atherosclerosis causes the blood vessels to become hardened. The cause of high blood pressure is not always clear in every case.However scientists have suggested that a high intake of coarseness or the excessive consumption of lipids may be aiding in the creation of a high blood pressure, this is due to the high water affinity of salt itself which could be drawing in water via osmosis, change magnitude the volume of blood and therefore pressure upon the blood vessels. High blood pressure is normally combated by nature by the body v ia the kidneys which would excrete more liquid containing the salt solution however this process does not always work therefore leading to people with high blood pressure being either advised to just eat a low- salt diet or be given diuretics which will make the kidneys complete the process.In conclusion, It can be seen that both poor diet and obesity can both have a certain effect upon the chances of someone contracting Coronary Heart disease, however it can also be seen that the effects from both of these problems could easily be combated by simply eating a healthier diet containing all of the nutrients needed in the body and also in the correct proportions allowing for a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.